3849 lines
77 KiB
HTML
Executable File
3849 lines
77 KiB
HTML
Executable File
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<html>
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<title>CIA - The World Factbook -- Field Listing - Natural hazards</title>
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<td width="4"> </td>
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<td width="324"><b><font color="#CCCCCC" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Field Listing - Natural hazards</font></b></td>
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<b>Country</b></font>
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<div align="center"><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><b>
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Natural hazards
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</b></font></div>
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</td>
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<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
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<a href="../geos/af.html" class="CountryLink">Afghanistan</a>
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</td>
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<td class="Normal">
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damaging earthquakes occur in Hindu Kush mountains; flooding; droughts
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
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<a href="../geos/al.html" class="CountryLink">Albania</a>
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</td>
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<td class="Normal">
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destructive earthquakes; tsunamis occur along southwestern coast; floods; drought
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
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<td valign=top>
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<a href="../geos/ag.html" class="CountryLink">Algeria</a>
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</td>
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<td class="Normal">
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mountainous areas subject to severe earthquakes; mudslides and floods in rainy season
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
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<td valign=top>
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<a href="../geos/aq.html" class="CountryLink">American Samoa</a>
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</td>
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<td class="Normal">
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typhoons common from December to March
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
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<td valign=top>
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<a href="../geos/an.html" class="CountryLink">Andorra</a>
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</td>
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<td class="Normal">
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avalanches
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
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<td valign=top>
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<a href="../geos/ao.html" class="CountryLink">Angola</a>
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</td>
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<td class="Normal">
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locally heavy rainfall causes periodic flooding on the plateau
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
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<td valign=top>
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<a href="../geos/av.html" class="CountryLink">Anguilla</a>
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</td>
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<td class="Normal">
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frequent hurricanes and other tropical storms (July to October)
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
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<td valign=top>
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<a href="../geos/ay.html" class="CountryLink">Antarctica</a>
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</td>
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<td class="Normal">
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katabatic (gravity-driven) winds blow coastward from the high interior; frequent blizzards form near the foot of the plateau; cyclonic storms form over the ocean and move clockwise along the coast; volcanism on Deception Island and isolated areas of West Antarctica; other seismic activity rare and weak; large icebergs may calve from ice shelf
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<a href="../geos/ac.html" class="CountryLink">Antigua and Barbuda</a>
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</td>
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<td class="Normal">
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hurricanes and tropical storms (July to October); periodic droughts
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
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<td valign=top>
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<a href="../geos/xq.html" class="CountryLink">Arctic Ocean</a>
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</td>
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<td class="Normal">
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ice islands occasionally break away from northern Ellesmere Island; icebergs calved from glaciers in western Greenland and extreme northeastern Canada; permafrost in islands; virtually ice locked from October to June; ships subject to superstructure icing from October to May
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
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<td valign=top>
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<a href="../geos/ar.html" class="CountryLink">Argentina</a>
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</td>
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<td class="Normal">
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San Miguel de Tucuman and Mendoza areas in the Andes subject to earthquakes; pamperos are violent windstorms that can strike the pampas and northeast; heavy flooding
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
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<td valign=top>
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<a href="../geos/am.html" class="CountryLink">Armenia</a>
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</td>
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<td class="Normal">
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occasionally severe earthquakes; droughts
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
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<td valign=top>
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<a href="../geos/aa.html" class="CountryLink">Aruba</a>
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</td>
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<td class="Normal">
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lies outside the Caribbean hurricane belt
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
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<td valign=top>
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<a href="../geos/at.html" class="CountryLink">Ashmore and Cartier Islands</a>
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</td>
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<td class="Normal">
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surrounded by shoals and reefs that can pose maritime hazards
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
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<td valign=top>
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<a href="../geos/zh.html" class="CountryLink">Atlantic Ocean</a>
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</td>
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<td class="Normal">
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icebergs common in Davis Strait, Denmark Strait, and the northwestern Atlantic Ocean from February to August and have been spotted as far south as Bermuda and the Madeira Islands; ships subject to superstructure icing in extreme northern Atlantic from October to May; persistent fog can be a maritime hazard from May to September; hurricanes (May to December)
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
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<td valign=top>
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<a href="../geos/as.html" class="CountryLink">Australia</a>
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</td>
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<td class="Normal">
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cyclones along the coast; severe droughts; forest fires
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
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<td valign=top>
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<a href="../geos/au.html" class="CountryLink">Austria</a>
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</td>
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<td class="Normal">
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landslides; avalanches; earthquakes
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
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<td valign=top>
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<a href="../geos/aj.html" class="CountryLink">Azerbaijan</a>
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</td>
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<td class="Normal">
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droughts
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
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<td valign=top>
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<a href="../geos/bf.html" class="CountryLink">Bahamas, The</a>
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</td>
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<td class="Normal">
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hurricanes and other tropical storms cause extensive flood and wind damage
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
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<td valign=top>
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<a href="../geos/ba.html" class="CountryLink">Bahrain</a>
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</td>
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<td class="Normal">
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periodic droughts; dust storms
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
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<td valign=top>
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<a href="../geos/fq.html" class="CountryLink">Baker Island</a>
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</td>
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<td class="Normal">
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the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
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<td valign=top>
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<a href="../geos/bg.html" class="CountryLink">Bangladesh</a>
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</td>
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<td class="Normal">
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droughts, cyclones; much of the country routinely inundated during the summer monsoon season
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
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<td valign=top>
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<a href="../geos/bb.html" class="CountryLink">Barbados</a>
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</td>
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<td class="Normal">
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infrequent hurricanes; periodic landslides
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
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<td valign=top>
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<a href="../geos/bo.html" class="CountryLink">Belarus</a>
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</td>
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<td class="Normal">
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NA
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
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<td valign=top>
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<a href="../geos/be.html" class="CountryLink">Belgium</a>
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</td>
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<td class="Normal">
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flooding is a threat along rivers and in areas of reclaimed coastal land, protected from the sea by concrete dikes
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
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<td valign=top>
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<a href="../geos/bh.html" class="CountryLink">Belize</a>
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</td>
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<td class="Normal">
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frequent, devastating hurricanes (June to November) and coastal flooding (especially in south)
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
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<td valign=top>
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<a href="../geos/bn.html" class="CountryLink">Benin</a>
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</td>
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<td class="Normal">
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hot, dry, dusty harmattan wind may affect north from December to March
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
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<td valign=top>
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<a href="../geos/bd.html" class="CountryLink">Bermuda</a>
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</td>
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<td class="Normal">
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hurricanes (June to November)
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
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<td valign=top>
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<a href="../geos/bt.html" class="CountryLink">Bhutan</a>
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</td>
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<td class="Normal">
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violent storms from the Himalayas are the source of the country's name, which translates as Land of the Thunder Dragon; frequent landslides during the rainy season
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
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<td valign=top>
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<a href="../geos/bl.html" class="CountryLink">Bolivia</a>
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</td>
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<td class="Normal">
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flooding in the northeast (March-April)
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
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<td valign=top>
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<a href="../geos/bk.html" class="CountryLink">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a>
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</td>
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<td class="Normal">
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destructive earthquakes
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
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<td valign=top>
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<a href="../geos/bc.html" class="CountryLink">Botswana</a>
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</td>
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<td class="Normal">
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periodic droughts; seasonal August winds blow from the west, carrying sand and dust across the country, which can obscure visibility
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
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|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/bv.html" class="CountryLink">Bouvet Island</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
NA
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/br.html" class="CountryLink">Brazil</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
recurring droughts in northeast; floods and occasional frost in south
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/io.html" class="CountryLink">British Indian Ocean Territory</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
NA
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/vi.html" class="CountryLink">British Virgin Islands</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
hurricanes and tropical storms (July to October)
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/bx.html" class="CountryLink">Brunei</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
typhoons, earthquakes, and severe flooding are rare
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/bu.html" class="CountryLink">Bulgaria</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
earthquakes, landslides
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/uv.html" class="CountryLink">Burkina Faso</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
recurring droughts
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/bm.html" class="CountryLink">Burma</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
destructive earthquakes and cyclones; flooding and landslides common during rainy season (June to September); periodic droughts
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/by.html" class="CountryLink">Burundi</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
flooding, landslides, drought
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/cb.html" class="CountryLink">Cambodia</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
monsoonal rains (June to November); flooding; occasional droughts
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/cm.html" class="CountryLink">Cameroon</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
volcanic activity with periodic releases of poisonous gases from Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun volcanoes
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ca.html" class="CountryLink">Canada</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
continuous permafrost in north is a serious obstacle to development; cyclonic storms form east of the Rocky Mountains, a result of the mixing of air masses from the Arctic, Pacific, and North American interior, and produce most of the country's rain and snow east of the mountains
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/cv.html" class="CountryLink">Cape Verde</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
prolonged droughts; seasonal harmattan wind produces obscuring dust; volcanically and seismically active
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/cj.html" class="CountryLink">Cayman Islands</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
hurricanes (July to November)
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ct.html" class="CountryLink">Central African Republic</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
hot, dry, dusty harmattan winds affect northern areas; floods are common
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/cd.html" class="CountryLink">Chad</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
hot, dry, dusty harmattan winds occur in north; periodic droughts; locust plagues
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ci.html" class="CountryLink">Chile</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
severe earthquakes; active volcanism; tsunamis
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ch.html" class="CountryLink">China</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
frequent typhoons (about five per year along southern and eastern coasts); damaging floods; tsunamis; earthquakes; droughts; land subsidence
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/kt.html" class="CountryLink">Christmas Island</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ip.html" class="CountryLink">Clipperton Island</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
NA
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ck.html" class="CountryLink">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
cyclone season is October to April
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/co.html" class="CountryLink">Colombia</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
highlands subject to volcanic eruptions; occasional earthquakes; periodic droughts
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/cn.html" class="CountryLink">Comoros</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
cyclones possible during rainy season (December to April); Le Kartala on Grand Comore is an active volcano
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/cg.html" class="CountryLink">Congo, Democratic Republic of the</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
periodic droughts in south; Congo River floods (seasonal); in the east, in the Great Rift Valley, there are active volcanoes
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/cf.html" class="CountryLink">Congo, Republic of the</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
seasonal flooding
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/cw.html" class="CountryLink">Cook Islands</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
typhoons (November to March)
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/cr.html" class="CountryLink">Coral Sea Islands</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
occasional tropical cyclones
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/cs.html" class="CountryLink">Costa Rica</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
occasional earthquakes, hurricanes along Atlantic coast; frequent flooding of lowlands at onset of rainy season and landslides; active volcanoes
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/iv.html" class="CountryLink">Cote d'Ivoire</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
coast has heavy surf and no natural harbors; during the rainy season torrential flooding is possible
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/hr.html" class="CountryLink">Croatia</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
destructive earthquakes
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/cu.html" class="CountryLink">Cuba</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
the east coast is subject to hurricanes from August to November (in general, the country averages about one hurricane every other year); droughts are common
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/cy.html" class="CountryLink">Cyprus</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
moderate earthquake activity; droughts
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ez.html" class="CountryLink">Czech Republic</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
flooding
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/da.html" class="CountryLink">Denmark</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
flooding is a threat in some areas of the country (e.g., parts of Jutland, along the southern coast of the island of Lolland) that are protected from the sea by a system of dikes
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/dj.html" class="CountryLink">Djibouti</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
earthquakes; droughts; occasional cyclonic disturbances from the Indian Ocean bring heavy rains and flash floods
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/do.html" class="CountryLink">Dominica</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
flash floods are a constant threat; destructive hurricanes can be expected during the late summer months
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/dr.html" class="CountryLink">Dominican Republic</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
lies in the middle of the hurricane belt and subject to severe storms from June to October; occasional flooding; periodic droughts
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ec.html" class="CountryLink">Ecuador</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
frequent earthquakes, landslides, volcanic activity; floods; periodic droughts
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/eg.html" class="CountryLink">Egypt</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
periodic droughts; frequent earthquakes, flash floods, landslides; hot, driving windstorm called khamsin occurs in spring; dust storms, sandstorms
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/es.html" class="CountryLink">El Salvador</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
known as the Land of Volcanoes; frequent and sometimes destructive earthquakes and volcanic activity; extremely susceptible to hurricanes
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ek.html" class="CountryLink">Equatorial Guinea</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
violent windstorms, flash floods
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/er.html" class="CountryLink">Eritrea</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
frequent droughts; locust swarms
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/en.html" class="CountryLink">Estonia</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
sometimes flooding occurs in the spring
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/et.html" class="CountryLink">Ethiopia</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
geologically active Great Rift Valley susceptible to earthquakes, volcanic eruptions; frequent droughts
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ee.html" class="CountryLink">European Union</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
flooding along coasts; avalanches in mountainous area; earthquakes in the south; volcanic eruptions in Italy; periodic droughts in Spain; ice floes in the Baltic
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/fk.html" class="CountryLink">Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
strong winds persist throughout the year
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/fo.html" class="CountryLink">Faroe Islands</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
NA
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/fj.html" class="CountryLink">Fiji</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
cyclonic storms can occur from November to January
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/fi.html" class="CountryLink">Finland</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
NA
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/fr.html" class="CountryLink">France</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
|
|
<i>metropolitan France:</i> flooding; avalanches; midwinter windstorms; drought; forest fires in south near the Mediterranean
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
<i>overseas departments:</i> hurricanes (cyclones), flooding, volcanic activity (Guadeloupe, Martinique, Reunion)
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/fp.html" class="CountryLink">French Polynesia</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
occasional cyclonic storms in January
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/fs.html" class="CountryLink">French Southern and Antarctic Lands</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
Ile Amsterdam and Ile Saint-Paul are inactive volcanoes; Iles Eparses subject to periodic cyclones; Bassas da India is a maritime hazard since it is under water for a period of three hours prior to and following the high tide and surrounded by reefs
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/gb.html" class="CountryLink">Gabon</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
NA
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ga.html" class="CountryLink">Gambia, The</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
drought (rainfall has dropped by 30% in the last 30 years)
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/gz.html" class="CountryLink">Gaza Strip</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
droughts
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/gg.html" class="CountryLink">Georgia</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
earthquakes
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/gm.html" class="CountryLink">Germany</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
flooding
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/gh.html" class="CountryLink">Ghana</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
dry, dusty, northeastern harmattan winds occur from January to March; droughts
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/gi.html" class="CountryLink">Gibraltar</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
NA
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/gr.html" class="CountryLink">Greece</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
severe earthquakes
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/gl.html" class="CountryLink">Greenland</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
continuous permafrost over northern two-thirds of the island
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/gj.html" class="CountryLink">Grenada</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
lies on edge of hurricane belt; hurricane season lasts from June to November
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/gq.html" class="CountryLink">Guam</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
frequent squalls during rainy season; relatively rare, but potentially very destructive typhoons (June - December)
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/gt.html" class="CountryLink">Guatemala</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
numerous volcanoes in mountains, with occasional violent earthquakes; Caribbean coast extremely susceptible to hurricanes and other tropical storms
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/gk.html" class="CountryLink">Guernsey</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
NA
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/gv.html" class="CountryLink">Guinea</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
hot, dry, dusty harmattan haze may reduce visibility during dry season
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/pu.html" class="CountryLink">Guinea-Bissau</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
hot, dry, dusty harmattan haze may reduce visibility during dry season; brush fires
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/gy.html" class="CountryLink">Guyana</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
flash floods are a constant threat during rainy seasons
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ha.html" class="CountryLink">Haiti</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
lies in the middle of the hurricane belt and subject to severe storms from June to October; occasional flooding and earthquakes; periodic droughts
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/hm.html" class="CountryLink">Heard Island and McDonald Islands</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
Mawson Peak, an active volcano, is on Heard Island
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/vt.html" class="CountryLink">Holy See (Vatican City)</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
NA
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ho.html" class="CountryLink">Honduras</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
frequent, but generally mild, earthquakes; extremely susceptible to damaging hurricanes and floods along the Caribbean coast
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/hk.html" class="CountryLink">Hong Kong</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
occasional typhoons
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/hq.html" class="CountryLink">Howland Island</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ic.html" class="CountryLink">Iceland</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
earthquakes and volcanic activity
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/in.html" class="CountryLink">India</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
droughts; flash floods, as well as widespread and destructive flooding from monsoonal rains; severe thunderstorms; earthquakes
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/xo.html" class="CountryLink">Indian Ocean</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
occasional icebergs pose navigational hazard in southern reaches
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/id.html" class="CountryLink">Indonesia</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
occasional floods, severe droughts, tsunamis, earthquakes, volcanoes, forest fires
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ir.html" class="CountryLink">Iran</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
periodic droughts, floods; dust storms, sandstorms; earthquakes
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/iz.html" class="CountryLink">Iraq</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
dust storms, sandstorms, floods
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ei.html" class="CountryLink">Ireland</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
NA
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/im.html" class="CountryLink">Isle of Man</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
NA
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/is.html" class="CountryLink">Israel</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
sandstorms may occur during spring and summer; droughts; periodic earthquakes
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/it.html" class="CountryLink">Italy</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
regional risks include landslides, mudflows, avalanches, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, flooding; land subsidence in Venice
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/jm.html" class="CountryLink">Jamaica</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
hurricanes (especially July to November)
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/jn.html" class="CountryLink">Jan Mayen</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
dominated by the volcano Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg; volcanic activity resumed in 1970; the most recent eruption occurred in 1985
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ja.html" class="CountryLink">Japan</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
many dormant and some active volcanoes; about 1,500 seismic occurrences (mostly tremors) every year; tsunamis; typhoons
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/dq.html" class="CountryLink">Jarvis Island</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island poses a maritime hazard
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/je.html" class="CountryLink">Jersey</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
NA
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/jq.html" class="CountryLink">Johnston Atoll</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
NA
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/jo.html" class="CountryLink">Jordan</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
droughts; periodic earthquakes
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/kz.html" class="CountryLink">Kazakhstan</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
earthquakes in the south, mudslides around Almaty
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ke.html" class="CountryLink">Kenya</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
recurring drought; flooding during rainy seasons
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/kq.html" class="CountryLink">Kingman Reef</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
wet or awash most of the time, maximum elevation of about 1 meter makes Kingman Reef a maritime hazard
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/kr.html" class="CountryLink">Kiribati</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
typhoons can occur any time, but usually November to March; occasional tornadoes; low level of some of the islands make them very sensitive to changes in sea level
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/kn.html" class="CountryLink">Korea, North</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
late spring droughts often followed by severe flooding; occasional typhoons during the early fall
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ks.html" class="CountryLink">Korea, South</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
occasional typhoons bring high winds and floods; low-level seismic activity common in southwest
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ku.html" class="CountryLink">Kuwait</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
sudden cloudbursts are common from October to April and bring heavy rain, which can damage roads and houses; sandstorms and dust storms occur throughout the year, but are most common between March and August
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/kg.html" class="CountryLink">Kyrgyzstan</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
NA
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/la.html" class="CountryLink">Laos</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
floods, droughts
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/lg.html" class="CountryLink">Latvia</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
NA
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/le.html" class="CountryLink">Lebanon</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
dust storms, sandstorms
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/lt.html" class="CountryLink">Lesotho</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
periodic droughts
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/li.html" class="CountryLink">Liberia</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
dust-laden harmattan winds blow from the Sahara (December to March)
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ly.html" class="CountryLink">Libya</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
hot, dry, dust-laden ghibli is a southern wind lasting one to four days in spring and fall; dust storms, sandstorms
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ls.html" class="CountryLink">Liechtenstein</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
NA
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/lh.html" class="CountryLink">Lithuania</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
NA
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/lu.html" class="CountryLink">Luxembourg</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
NA
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/mc.html" class="CountryLink">Macau</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
typhoons
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/mk.html" class="CountryLink">Macedonia</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
high seismic risks
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ma.html" class="CountryLink">Madagascar</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
periodic cyclones, drought, and locust infestation
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/mi.html" class="CountryLink">Malawi</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
NA
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/my.html" class="CountryLink">Malaysia</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
flooding, landslides, forest fires
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/mv.html" class="CountryLink">Maldives</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
low level of islands makes them very sensitive to sea level rise
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ml.html" class="CountryLink">Mali</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
hot, dust-laden harmattan haze common during dry seasons; recurring droughts; occasional Niger River flooding
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/mt.html" class="CountryLink">Malta</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
NA
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/rm.html" class="CountryLink">Marshall Islands</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
infrequent typhoons
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/mr.html" class="CountryLink">Mauritania</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
hot, dry, dust/sand-laden sirocco wind blows primarily in March and April; periodic droughts
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/mp.html" class="CountryLink">Mauritius</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
cyclones (November to April); almost completely surrounded by reefs that may pose maritime hazards
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/mf.html" class="CountryLink">Mayotte</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
cyclones during rainy season
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/mx.html" class="CountryLink">Mexico</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
tsunamis along the Pacific coast, volcanoes and destructive earthquakes in the center and south, and hurricanes on the Pacific, Gulf of Mexico, and Caribbean coasts
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/fm.html" class="CountryLink">Micronesia, Federated States of</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
typhoons (June to December)
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/mq.html" class="CountryLink">Midway Islands</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
NA
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/md.html" class="CountryLink">Moldova</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
landslides (57 cases in 1998)
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/mn.html" class="CountryLink">Monaco</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
NA
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/mg.html" class="CountryLink">Mongolia</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
dust storms, grassland and forest fires, drought, and "zud," which is harsh winter conditions
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/mj.html" class="CountryLink">Montenegro</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
destructive earthquakes
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/mh.html" class="CountryLink">Montserrat</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
severe hurricanes (June to November); volcanic eruptions (Soufriere Hills volcano has erupted continuously since 1995)
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/mo.html" class="CountryLink">Morocco</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
northern mountains geologically unstable and subject to earthquakes; periodic droughts
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/mz.html" class="CountryLink">Mozambique</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
severe droughts; devastating cyclones and floods in central and southern provinces
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/wa.html" class="CountryLink">Namibia</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
prolonged periods of drought
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/nr.html" class="CountryLink">Nauru</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
periodic droughts
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/bq.html" class="CountryLink">Navassa Island</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
hurricanes
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/np.html" class="CountryLink">Nepal</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
severe thunderstorms, flooding, landslides, drought, and famine depending on the timing, intensity, and duration of the summer monsoons
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/nl.html" class="CountryLink">Netherlands</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
flooding
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/nt.html" class="CountryLink">Netherlands Antilles</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
Curacao and Bonaire are south of Caribbean hurricane belt and are rarely threatened; Sint Maarten, Saba, and Sint Eustatius are subject to hurricanes from July to October
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/nc.html" class="CountryLink">New Caledonia</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
cyclones, most frequent from November to March
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/nz.html" class="CountryLink">New Zealand</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
earthquakes are common, though usually not severe; volcanic activity
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/nu.html" class="CountryLink">Nicaragua</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
destructive earthquakes, volcanoes, landslides; extremely susceptible to hurricanes
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ng.html" class="CountryLink">Niger</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
recurring droughts
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ni.html" class="CountryLink">Nigeria</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
periodic droughts; flooding
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ne.html" class="CountryLink">Niue</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
typhoons
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/nf.html" class="CountryLink">Norfolk Island</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
typhoons (especially May to July)
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/cq.html" class="CountryLink">Northern Mariana Islands</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
active volcanoes on Pagan and Agrihan; typhoons (especially August to November)
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/no.html" class="CountryLink">Norway</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
rockslides, avalanches
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/mu.html" class="CountryLink">Oman</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
summer winds often raise large sandstorms and dust storms in interior; periodic droughts
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/zn.html" class="CountryLink">Pacific Ocean</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
surrounded by a zone of violent volcanic and earthquake activity sometimes referred to as the "Pacific Ring of Fire"; subject to tropical cyclones (typhoons) in southeast and east Asia from May to December (most frequent from July to October); tropical cyclones (hurricanes) may form south of Mexico and strike Central America and Mexico from June to October (most common in August and September); cyclical El Nino/La Nina phenomenon occurs in the equatorial Pacific, influencing weather in the Western Hemisphere and the western Pacific; ships subject to superstructure icing in extreme north from October to May; persistent fog in the northern Pacific can be a maritime hazard from June to December
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/pk.html" class="CountryLink">Pakistan</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
frequent earthquakes, occasionally severe especially in north and west; flooding along the Indus after heavy rains (July and August)
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ps.html" class="CountryLink">Palau</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
typhoons (June to December)
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/lq.html" class="CountryLink">Palmyra Atoll</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
NA
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/pm.html" class="CountryLink">Panama</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
occasional severe storms and forest fires in the Darien area
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/pp.html" class="CountryLink">Papua New Guinea</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
active volcanism; situated along the Pacific "Ring of Fire"; the country is subject to frequent and sometimes severe earthquakes; mud slides; tsunamis
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/pf.html" class="CountryLink">Paracel Islands</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
typhoons
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/pa.html" class="CountryLink">Paraguay</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
local flooding in southeast (early September to June); poorly drained plains may become boggy (early October to June)
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/pe.html" class="CountryLink">Peru</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
earthquakes, tsunamis, flooding, landslides, mild volcanic activity
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/rp.html" class="CountryLink">Philippines</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
astride typhoon belt, usually affected by 15 and struck by five to six cyclonic storms per year; landslides; active volcanoes; destructive earthquakes; tsunamis
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/pc.html" class="CountryLink">Pitcairn Islands</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
typhoons (especially November to March)
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/pl.html" class="CountryLink">Poland</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
flooding
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/po.html" class="CountryLink">Portugal</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
Azores subject to severe earthquakes
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/rq.html" class="CountryLink">Puerto Rico</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
periodic droughts; hurricanes
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/qa.html" class="CountryLink">Qatar</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
haze, dust storms, sandstorms common
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ro.html" class="CountryLink">Romania</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
earthquakes, most severe in south and southwest; geologic structure and climate promote landslides
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/rs.html" class="CountryLink">Russia</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
permafrost over much of Siberia is a major impediment to development; volcanic activity in the Kuril Islands; volcanoes and earthquakes on the Kamchatka Peninsula; spring floods and summer/autumn forest fires throughout Siberia and parts of European Russia
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/rw.html" class="CountryLink">Rwanda</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
periodic droughts; the volcanic Virunga mountains are in the northwest along the border with Democratic Republic of the Congo
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/sh.html" class="CountryLink">Saint Helena</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
active volcanism on Tristan da Cunha, last eruption in 1961
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/sc.html" class="CountryLink">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
hurricanes (July to October)
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/st.html" class="CountryLink">Saint Lucia</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
hurricanes and volcanic activity
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/sb.html" class="CountryLink">Saint Pierre and Miquelon</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
persistent fog throughout the year can be a maritime hazard
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/vc.html" class="CountryLink">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
hurricanes; Soufriere volcano on the island of Saint Vincent is a constant threat
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ws.html" class="CountryLink">Samoa</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
occasional typhoons; active volcanism
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/sm.html" class="CountryLink">San Marino</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
NA
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/tp.html" class="CountryLink">Sao Tome and Principe</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
NA
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/sa.html" class="CountryLink">Saudi Arabia</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
frequent sand and dust storms
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/sg.html" class="CountryLink">Senegal</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
lowlands seasonally flooded; periodic droughts
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/rb.html" class="CountryLink">Serbia</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
destructive earthquakes
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/se.html" class="CountryLink">Seychelles</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
lies outside the cyclone belt, so severe storms are rare; short droughts possible
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/sl.html" class="CountryLink">Sierra Leone</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
dry, sand-laden harmattan winds blow from the Sahara (December to February); sandstorms, dust storms
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/sn.html" class="CountryLink">Singapore</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
NA
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/lo.html" class="CountryLink">Slovakia</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
NA
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/si.html" class="CountryLink">Slovenia</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
flooding and earthquakes
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/bp.html" class="CountryLink">Solomon Islands</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
typhoons, but rarely destructive; geologically active region with frequent earthquakes, tremors, and volcanic activity; tsunamis
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/so.html" class="CountryLink">Somalia</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
recurring droughts; frequent dust storms over eastern plains in summer; floods during rainy season
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/sf.html" class="CountryLink">South Africa</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
prolonged droughts
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/sx.html" class="CountryLink">South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
the South Sandwich Islands have prevailing weather conditions that generally make them difficult to approach by ship; they are also subject to active volcanism
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/oo.html" class="CountryLink">Southern Ocean</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
huge icebergs with drafts up to several hundred meters; smaller bergs and iceberg fragments; sea ice (generally 0.5 to 1 m thick) with sometimes dynamic short-term variations and with large annual and interannual variations; deep continental shelf floored by glacial deposits varying widely over short distances; high winds and large waves much of the year; ship icing, especially May-October; most of region is remote from sources of search and rescue
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/sp.html" class="CountryLink">Spain</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
periodic droughts
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/pg.html" class="CountryLink">Spratly Islands</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
typhoons; numerous reefs and shoals pose a serious maritime hazard
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ce.html" class="CountryLink">Sri Lanka</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
occasional cyclones and tornadoes
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/su.html" class="CountryLink">Sudan</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
dust storms and periodic persistent droughts
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ns.html" class="CountryLink">Suriname</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
NA
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/sv.html" class="CountryLink">Svalbard</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
ice floes often block the entrance to Bellsund (a transit point for coal export) on the west coast and occasionally make parts of the northeastern coast inaccessible to maritime traffic
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/wz.html" class="CountryLink">Swaziland</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
drought
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/sw.html" class="CountryLink">Sweden</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
ice floes in the surrounding waters, especially in the Gulf of Bothnia, can interfere with maritime traffic
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/sz.html" class="CountryLink">Switzerland</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
avalanches, landslides, flash floods
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/sy.html" class="CountryLink">Syria</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
dust storms, sandstorms
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/tw.html" class="CountryLink">Taiwan</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
earthquakes and typhoons
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ti.html" class="CountryLink">Tajikistan</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
earthquakes and floods
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/tz.html" class="CountryLink">Tanzania</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
flooding on the central plateau during the rainy season; drought
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/th.html" class="CountryLink">Thailand</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
land subsidence in Bangkok area resulting from the depletion of the water table; droughts
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/tt.html" class="CountryLink">Timor-Leste</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
floods and landslides are common; earthquakes, tsunamis, tropical cyclones
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/to.html" class="CountryLink">Togo</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
hot, dry harmattan wind can reduce visibility in north during winter; periodic droughts
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/tl.html" class="CountryLink">Tokelau</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
lies in Pacific typhoon belt
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/tn.html" class="CountryLink">Tonga</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
cyclones (October to April); earthquakes and volcanic activity on Fonuafo'ou
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/td.html" class="CountryLink">Trinidad and Tobago</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
outside usual path of hurricanes and other tropical storms
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ts.html" class="CountryLink">Tunisia</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
NA
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/tu.html" class="CountryLink">Turkey</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
severe earthquakes, especially in northern Turkey, along an arc extending from the Sea of Marmara to Lake Van
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/tx.html" class="CountryLink">Turkmenistan</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
NA
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/tk.html" class="CountryLink">Turks and Caicos Islands</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
frequent hurricanes
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/tv.html" class="CountryLink">Tuvalu</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
severe tropical storms are usually rare, but, in 1997, there were three cyclones; low level of islands make them sensitive to changes in sea level
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ug.html" class="CountryLink">Uganda</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
NA
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/up.html" class="CountryLink">Ukraine</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
NA
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ae.html" class="CountryLink">United Arab Emirates</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
frequent sand and dust storms
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/uk.html" class="CountryLink">United Kingdom</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
winter windstorms; floods
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/us.html" class="CountryLink">United States</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
tsunamis, volcanoes, and earthquake activity around Pacific Basin; hurricanes along the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts; tornadoes in the midwest and southeast; mud slides in California; forest fires in the west; flooding; permafrost in northern Alaska, a major impediment to development
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/um.html" class="CountryLink">United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
|
|
<i>Baker, Howland, and Jarvis Islands:</i> the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
<i>Kingman Reef:</i> wet or awash most of the time, maximum elevation of less than 1 m makes Kingman Reef a maritime hazard
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
<i>Midway Islands, Johnston, and Palmyra Atolls:</i> NA
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/uy.html" class="CountryLink">Uruguay</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
seasonally high winds (the pampero is a chilly and occasional violent wind that blows north from the Argentine pampas), droughts, floods; because of the absence of mountains, which act as weather barriers, all locations are particularly vulnerable to rapid changes from weather fronts
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/uz.html" class="CountryLink">Uzbekistan</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
NA
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/nh.html" class="CountryLink">Vanuatu</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
tropical cyclones or typhoons (January to April); volcanic eruption on Aoba (Ambae) island began 27 November 2005, volcanism also causes minor earthquakes; tsunamis
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ve.html" class="CountryLink">Venezuela</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
subject to floods, rockslides, mudslides; periodic droughts
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/vm.html" class="CountryLink">Vietnam</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
occasional typhoons (May to January) with extensive flooding, especially in the Mekong River delta
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/vq.html" class="CountryLink">Virgin Islands</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
several hurricanes in recent years; frequent and severe droughts and floods; occasional earthquakes
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/wq.html" class="CountryLink">Wake Island</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
occasional typhoons
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/wf.html" class="CountryLink">Wallis and Futuna</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
NA
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/we.html" class="CountryLink">West Bank</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
droughts
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/wi.html" class="CountryLink">Western Sahara</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
hot, dry, dust/sand-laden sirocco wind can occur during winter and spring; widespread harmattan haze exists 60% of time, often severely restricting visibility
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/xx.html" class="CountryLink">World</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
large areas subject to severe weather (tropical cyclones), natural disasters (earthquakes, landslides, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions)
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/ym.html" class="CountryLink">Yemen</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
sandstorms and dust storms in summer
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/za.html" class="CountryLink">Zambia</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
periodic drought, tropical storms (November to April)
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign=top>
|
|
<a href="../geos/zi.html" class="CountryLink">Zimbabwe</a>
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td class="Normal">
|
|
recurring droughts; floods and severe storms are rare
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p class="LastUpdate"> This page was last updated on 13 December, 2007</p><br>
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td valign="top" align="center" height="2" bgcolor="#666666" colspan="4"><img src="../graphics/bottombanner.jpg" width="712" height="23" border="0" alt="Bottom Banner"></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<div align="center"> </div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</body>
|
|
</html>
|
|
|