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<title>CIA - The World Factbook -- Field Listing - Climate</title>
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<td width="324"><b><font color="#CCCCCC" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Field Listing - Climate</font></b></td>
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<b>Country</b></font>
</div>
</td>
<td width="75%">
<div align="center"><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><b>
Climate
</b></font></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/af.html" class="CountryLink">Afghanistan</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
arid to semiarid; cold winters and hot summers
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ax.html" class="CountryLink">Akrotiri</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate; Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool winters
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/al.html" class="CountryLink">Albania</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
mild temperate; cool, cloudy, wet winters; hot, clear, dry summers; interior is cooler and wetter
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ag.html" class="CountryLink">Algeria</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
arid to semiarid; mild, wet winters with hot, dry summers along coast; drier with cold winters and hot summers on high plateau; sirocco is a hot, dust/sand-laden wind especially common in summer
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/aq.html" class="CountryLink">American Samoa</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical marine, moderated by southeast trade winds; annual rainfall averages about 3 m; rainy season (November to April), dry season (May to October); little seasonal temperature variation
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/an.html" class="CountryLink">Andorra</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate; snowy, cold winters and warm, dry summers
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ao.html" class="CountryLink">Angola</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
semiarid in south and along coast to Luanda; north has cool, dry season (May to October) and hot, rainy season (November to April)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/av.html" class="CountryLink">Anguilla</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; moderated by northeast trade winds
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ay.html" class="CountryLink">Antarctica</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
severe low temperatures vary with latitude, elevation, and distance from the ocean; East Antarctica is colder than West Antarctica because of its higher elevation; Antarctic Peninsula has the most moderate climate; higher temperatures occur in January along the coast and average slightly below freezing
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ac.html" class="CountryLink">Antigua and Barbuda</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical maritime; little seasonal temperature variation
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/xq.html" class="CountryLink">Arctic Ocean</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
polar climate characterized by persistent cold and relatively narrow annual temperature ranges; winters characterized by continuous darkness, cold and stable weather conditions, and clear skies; summers characterized by continuous daylight, damp and foggy weather, and weak cyclones with rain or snow
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ar.html" class="CountryLink">Argentina</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
mostly temperate; arid in southeast; subantarctic in southwest
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/am.html" class="CountryLink">Armenia</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
highland continental, hot summers, cold winters
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/aa.html" class="CountryLink">Aruba</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical marine; little seasonal temperature variation
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/at.html" class="CountryLink">Ashmore and Cartier Islands</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/zh.html" class="CountryLink">Atlantic Ocean</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical cyclones (hurricanes) develop off the coast of Africa near Cape Verde and move westward into the Caribbean Sea; hurricanes can occur from May to December, but are most frequent from August to November
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/as.html" class="CountryLink">Australia</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
generally arid to semiarid; temperate in south and east; tropical in north
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/au.html" class="CountryLink">Austria</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate; continental, cloudy; cold winters with frequent rain and some snow in lowlands and snow in mountains; moderate summers with occasional showers
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/aj.html" class="CountryLink">Azerbaijan</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
dry, semiarid steppe
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/bf.html" class="CountryLink">Bahamas, The</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical marine; moderated by warm waters of Gulf Stream
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ba.html" class="CountryLink">Bahrain</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
arid; mild, pleasant winters; very hot, humid summers
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/fq.html" class="CountryLink">Baker Island</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
equatorial; scant rainfall, constant wind, burning sun
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/bg.html" class="CountryLink">Bangladesh</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; mild winter (October to March); hot, humid summer (March to June); humid, warm rainy monsoon (June to October)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/bb.html" class="CountryLink">Barbados</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; rainy season (June to October)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/bo.html" class="CountryLink">Belarus</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
cold winters, cool and moist summers; transitional between continental and maritime
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/be.html" class="CountryLink">Belgium</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate; mild winters, cool summers; rainy, humid, cloudy
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/bh.html" class="CountryLink">Belize</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; very hot and humid; rainy season (May to November); dry season (February to May)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/bn.html" class="CountryLink">Benin</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; hot, humid in south; semiarid in north
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/bd.html" class="CountryLink">Bermuda</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
subtropical; mild, humid; gales, strong winds common in winter
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/bt.html" class="CountryLink">Bhutan</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
varies; tropical in southern plains; cool winters and hot summers in central valleys; severe winters and cool summers in Himalayas
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/bl.html" class="CountryLink">Bolivia</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
varies with altitude; humid and tropical to cold and semiarid
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/bk.html" class="CountryLink">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
hot summers and cold winters; areas of high elevation have short, cool summers and long, severe winters; mild, rainy winters along coast
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/bc.html" class="CountryLink">Botswana</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
semiarid; warm winters and hot summers
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/bv.html" class="CountryLink">Bouvet Island</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
antarctic
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/br.html" class="CountryLink">Brazil</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
mostly tropical, but temperate in south
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/io.html" class="CountryLink">British Indian Ocean Territory</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical marine; hot, humid, moderated by trade winds
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/vi.html" class="CountryLink">British Virgin Islands</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
subtropical; humid; temperatures moderated by trade winds
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/bx.html" class="CountryLink">Brunei</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; hot, humid, rainy
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/bu.html" class="CountryLink">Bulgaria</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate; cold, damp winters; hot, dry summers
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/uv.html" class="CountryLink">Burkina Faso</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; warm, dry winters; hot, wet summers
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/bm.html" class="CountryLink">Burma</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical monsoon; cloudy, rainy, hot, humid summers (southwest monsoon, June to September); less cloudy, scant rainfall, mild temperatures, lower humidity during winter (northeast monsoon, December to April)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/by.html" class="CountryLink">Burundi</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
equatorial; high plateau with considerable altitude variation (772 m to 2,670 m above sea level); average annual temperature varies with altitude from 23 to 17 degrees centigrade but is generally moderate as the average altitude is about 1,700 m; average annual rainfall is about 150 cm; two wet seasons (February to May and September to November), and two dry seasons (June to August and December to January)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/cb.html" class="CountryLink">Cambodia</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; rainy, monsoon season (May to November); dry season (December to April); little seasonal temperature variation
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/cm.html" class="CountryLink">Cameroon</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
varies with terrain, from tropical along coast to semiarid and hot in north
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ca.html" class="CountryLink">Canada</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
varies from temperate in south to subarctic and arctic in north
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/cv.html" class="CountryLink">Cape Verde</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate; warm, dry summer; precipitation meager and very erratic
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/cj.html" class="CountryLink">Cayman Islands</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical marine; warm, rainy summers (May to October) and cool, relatively dry winters (November to April)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ct.html" class="CountryLink">Central African Republic</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; hot, dry winters; mild to hot, wet summers
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/cd.html" class="CountryLink">Chad</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical in south, desert in north
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ci.html" class="CountryLink">Chile</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate; desert in north; Mediterranean in central region; cool and damp in south
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ch.html" class="CountryLink">China</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
extremely diverse; tropical in south to subarctic in north
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/kt.html" class="CountryLink">Christmas Island</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical with a wet season (December to April) and dry season; heat and humidity moderated by trade winds
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ip.html" class="CountryLink">Clipperton Island</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; humid, average temperature 20-32 degrees C, wet season (May to October)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ck.html" class="CountryLink">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical with high humidity, moderated by the southeast trade winds for about nine months of the year
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/co.html" class="CountryLink">Colombia</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical along coast and eastern plains; cooler in highlands
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/cn.html" class="CountryLink">Comoros</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical marine; rainy season (November to May)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/cg.html" class="CountryLink">Congo, Democratic Republic of the</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; hot and humid in equatorial river basin; cooler and drier in southern highlands; cooler and wetter in eastern highlands; north of Equator - wet season (April to October), dry season (December to February); south of Equator - wet season (November to March), dry season (April to October)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/cf.html" class="CountryLink">Congo, Republic of the</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; rainy season (March to June); dry season (June to October); persistent high temperatures and humidity; particularly enervating climate astride the Equator
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/cw.html" class="CountryLink">Cook Islands</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical oceanic; moderated by trade winds; a dry season from April to November and a more humid season from December to March
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/cr.html" class="CountryLink">Coral Sea Islands</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/cs.html" class="CountryLink">Costa Rica</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical and subtropical; dry season (December to April); rainy season (May to November); cooler in highlands
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/iv.html" class="CountryLink">Cote d'Ivoire</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical along coast, semiarid in far north; three seasons - warm and dry (November to March), hot and dry (March to May), hot and wet (June to October)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/hr.html" class="CountryLink">Croatia</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
Mediterranean and continental; continental climate predominant with hot summers and cold winters; mild winters, dry summers along coast
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/cu.html" class="CountryLink">Cuba</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; moderated by trade winds; dry season (November to April); rainy season (May to October)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/cy.html" class="CountryLink">Cyprus</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate; Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool winters
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ez.html" class="CountryLink">Czech Republic</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate; cool summers; cold, cloudy, humid winters
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/da.html" class="CountryLink">Denmark</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate; humid and overcast; mild, windy winters and cool summers
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/dx.html" class="CountryLink">Dhekelia</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate; Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool winters
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/dj.html" class="CountryLink">Djibouti</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
desert; torrid, dry
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/do.html" class="CountryLink">Dominica</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; moderated by northeast trade winds; heavy rainfall
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/dr.html" class="CountryLink">Dominican Republic</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical maritime; little seasonal temperature variation; seasonal variation in rainfall
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ec.html" class="CountryLink">Ecuador</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical along coast, becoming cooler inland at higher elevations; tropical in Amazonian jungle lowlands
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/eg.html" class="CountryLink">Egypt</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
desert; hot, dry summers with moderate winters
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/es.html" class="CountryLink">El Salvador</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; rainy season (May to October); dry season (November to April); tropical on coast; temperate in uplands
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ek.html" class="CountryLink">Equatorial Guinea</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; always hot, humid
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/er.html" class="CountryLink">Eritrea</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
hot, dry desert strip along Red Sea coast; cooler and wetter in the central highlands (up to 61 cm of rainfall annually, heaviest June to September); semiarid in western hills and lowlands
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/en.html" class="CountryLink">Estonia</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
maritime, wet, moderate winters, cool summers
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/et.html" class="CountryLink">Ethiopia</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical monsoon with wide topographic-induced variation
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ee.html" class="CountryLink">European Union</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
cold temperate; potentially subarctic in the north to temperate; mild wet winters; hot dry summers in the south
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/fk.html" class="CountryLink">Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
cold marine; strong westerly winds, cloudy, humid; rain occurs on more than half of days in year; average annual rainfall is 24 inches in Stanley; occasional snow all year, except in January and February, but does not accumulate
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/fo.html" class="CountryLink">Faroe Islands</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
mild winters, cool summers; usually overcast; foggy, windy
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/fj.html" class="CountryLink">Fiji</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical marine; only slight seasonal temperature variation
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/fi.html" class="CountryLink">Finland</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
cold temperate; potentially subarctic but comparatively mild because of moderating influence of the North Atlantic Current, Baltic Sea, and more than 60,000 lakes
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/fr.html" class="CountryLink">France</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
<i>metropolitan France:</i> generally cool winters and mild summers, but mild winters and hot summers along the Mediterranean; occasional strong, cold, dry, north-to-northwesterly wind known as mistral
<br>
<i>French Guiana:</i> tropical; hot, humid; little seasonal temperature variation
<br>
<i>Guadeloupe and Martinique:</i> subtropical tempered by trade winds; moderately high humidity; rainy season (June to October); vulnerable to devastating cyclones (hurricanes) every eight years on average
<br>
<i>Reunion:</i> tropical, but temperature moderates with elevation; cool and dry (May to November), hot and rainy (November to April)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/fp.html" class="CountryLink">French Polynesia</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical, but moderate
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/fs.html" class="CountryLink">French Southern and Antarctic Lands</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
<i>Ile Amsterdam et Ile Saint-Paul:</i> oceanic with persistent westerly winds and high humidity
<br>
<i>Iles Crozet:</i> windy, cold, wet, and cloudy
<br>
<i>Iles Kerguelen:</i> oceanic, cold, overcast, windy
<br>
<i>Iles Eparses:</i> tropical
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/gb.html" class="CountryLink">Gabon</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; always hot, humid
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ga.html" class="CountryLink">Gambia, The</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; hot, rainy season (June to November); cooler, dry season (November to May)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/gz.html" class="CountryLink">Gaza Strip</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate, mild winters, dry and warm to hot summers
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/gg.html" class="CountryLink">Georgia</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
warm and pleasant; Mediterranean-like on Black Sea coast
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/gm.html" class="CountryLink">Germany</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate and marine; cool, cloudy, wet winters and summers; occasional warm mountain (foehn) wind
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/gh.html" class="CountryLink">Ghana</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; warm and comparatively dry along southeast coast; hot and humid in southwest; hot and dry in north
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/gi.html" class="CountryLink">Gibraltar</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
Mediterranean with mild winters and warm summers
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/gr.html" class="CountryLink">Greece</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate; mild, wet winters; hot, dry summers
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/gl.html" class="CountryLink">Greenland</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
arctic to subarctic; cool summers, cold winters
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/gj.html" class="CountryLink">Grenada</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; tempered by northeast trade winds
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/gq.html" class="CountryLink">Guam</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical marine; generally warm and humid, moderated by northeast trade winds; dry season (January to June), rainy season (July to December); little seasonal temperature variation
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/gt.html" class="CountryLink">Guatemala</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; hot, humid in lowlands; cooler in highlands
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/gk.html" class="CountryLink">Guernsey</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate with mild winters and cool summers; about 50% of days are overcast
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/gv.html" class="CountryLink">Guinea</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
generally hot and humid; monsoonal-type rainy season (June to November) with southwesterly winds; dry season (December to May) with northeasterly harmattan winds
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/pu.html" class="CountryLink">Guinea-Bissau</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; generally hot and humid; monsoonal-type rainy season (June to November) with southwesterly winds; dry season (December to May) with northeasterly harmattan winds
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/gy.html" class="CountryLink">Guyana</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; hot, humid, moderated by northeast trade winds; two rainy seasons (May to August, November to January)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ha.html" class="CountryLink">Haiti</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; semiarid where mountains in east cut off trade winds
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/hm.html" class="CountryLink">Heard Island and McDonald Islands</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
antarctic
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/vt.html" class="CountryLink">Holy See (Vatican City)</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate; mild, rainy winters (September to May) with hot, dry summers (May to September)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ho.html" class="CountryLink">Honduras</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
subtropical in lowlands, temperate in mountains
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/hk.html" class="CountryLink">Hong Kong</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
subtropical monsoon; cool and humid in winter, hot and rainy from spring through summer, warm and sunny in fall
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/hq.html" class="CountryLink">Howland Island</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
equatorial; scant rainfall, constant wind, burning sun
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/hu.html" class="CountryLink">Hungary</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate; cold, cloudy, humid winters; warm summers
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ic.html" class="CountryLink">Iceland</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate; moderated by North Atlantic Current; mild, windy winters; damp, cool summers
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/in.html" class="CountryLink">India</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
varies from tropical monsoon in south to temperate in north
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/xo.html" class="CountryLink">Indian Ocean</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
northeast monsoon (December to April), southwest monsoon (June to October); tropical cyclones occur during May/June and October/November in the northern Indian Ocean and January/February in the southern Indian Ocean
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/id.html" class="CountryLink">Indonesia</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ir.html" class="CountryLink">Iran</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
mostly arid or semiarid, subtropical along Caspian coast
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/iz.html" class="CountryLink">Iraq</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
mostly desert; mild to cool winters with dry, hot, cloudless summers; northern mountainous regions along Iranian and Turkish borders experience cold winters with occasionally heavy snows that melt in early spring, sometimes causing extensive flooding in central and southern Iraq
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ei.html" class="CountryLink">Ireland</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate maritime; modified by North Atlantic Current; mild winters, cool summers; consistently humid; overcast about half the time
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/im.html" class="CountryLink">Isle of Man</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate; cool summers and mild winters; overcast about one-third of the time
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/is.html" class="CountryLink">Israel</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate; hot and dry in southern and eastern desert areas
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/it.html" class="CountryLink">Italy</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
predominantly Mediterranean; Alpine in far north; hot, dry in south
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/jm.html" class="CountryLink">Jamaica</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; hot, humid; temperate interior
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/jn.html" class="CountryLink">Jan Mayen</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
arctic maritime with frequent storms and persistent fog
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ja.html" class="CountryLink">Japan</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
varies from tropical in south to cool temperate in north
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/dq.html" class="CountryLink">Jarvis Island</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; scant rainfall, constant wind, burning sun
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/je.html" class="CountryLink">Jersey</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate; mild winters and cool summers
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/jq.html" class="CountryLink">Johnston Atoll</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical, but generally dry; consistent northeast trade winds with little seasonal temperature variation
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/jo.html" class="CountryLink">Jordan</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
mostly arid desert; rainy season in west (November to April)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/kz.html" class="CountryLink">Kazakhstan</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
continental, cold winters and hot summers, arid and semiarid
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ke.html" class="CountryLink">Kenya</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
varies from tropical along coast to arid in interior
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/kq.html" class="CountryLink">Kingman Reef</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; moderated by prevailing winds
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/kr.html" class="CountryLink">Kiribati</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; marine, hot and humid, moderated by trade winds
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/kn.html" class="CountryLink">Korea, North</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate with rainfall concentrated in summer
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ks.html" class="CountryLink">Korea, South</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate, with rainfall heavier in summer than winter
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ku.html" class="CountryLink">Kuwait</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
dry desert; intensely hot summers; short, cool winters
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/kg.html" class="CountryLink">Kyrgyzstan</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
dry continental to polar in high Tien Shan; subtropical in southwest (Fergana Valley); temperate in northern foothill zone
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/la.html" class="CountryLink">Laos</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical monsoon; rainy season (May to November); dry season (December to April)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/lg.html" class="CountryLink">Latvia</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
maritime; wet, moderate winters
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/le.html" class="CountryLink">Lebanon</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
Mediterranean; mild to cool, wet winters with hot, dry summers; Lebanon mountains experience heavy winter snows
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/lt.html" class="CountryLink">Lesotho</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate; cool to cold, dry winters; hot, wet summers
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/li.html" class="CountryLink">Liberia</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; hot, humid; dry winters with hot days and cool to cold nights; wet, cloudy summers with frequent heavy showers
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ly.html" class="CountryLink">Libya</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
Mediterranean along coast; dry, extreme desert interior
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ls.html" class="CountryLink">Liechtenstein</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
continental; cold, cloudy winters with frequent snow or rain; cool to moderately warm, cloudy, humid summers
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/lh.html" class="CountryLink">Lithuania</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
transitional, between maritime and continental; wet, moderate winters and summers
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/lu.html" class="CountryLink">Luxembourg</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
modified continental with mild winters, cool summers
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/mc.html" class="CountryLink">Macau</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
subtropical; marine with cool winters, warm summers
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/mk.html" class="CountryLink">Macedonia</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
warm, dry summers and autumns; relatively cold winters with heavy snowfall
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ma.html" class="CountryLink">Madagascar</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical along coast, temperate inland, arid in south
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/mi.html" class="CountryLink">Malawi</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
sub-tropical; rainy season (November to May); dry season (May to November)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/my.html" class="CountryLink">Malaysia</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; annual southwest (April to October) and northeast (October to February) monsoons
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/mv.html" class="CountryLink">Maldives</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; hot, humid; dry, northeast monsoon (November to March); rainy, southwest monsoon (June to August)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ml.html" class="CountryLink">Mali</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
subtropical to arid; hot and dry (February to June); rainy, humid, and mild (June to November); cool and dry (November to February)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/mt.html" class="CountryLink">Malta</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
Mediterranean; mild, rainy winters; hot, dry summers
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/rm.html" class="CountryLink">Marshall Islands</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; hot and humid; wet season May to November; islands border typhoon belt
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/mr.html" class="CountryLink">Mauritania</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
desert; constantly hot, dry, dusty
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/mp.html" class="CountryLink">Mauritius</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical, modified by southeast trade winds; warm, dry winter (May to November); hot, wet, humid summer (November to May)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/mf.html" class="CountryLink">Mayotte</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; marine; hot, humid, rainy season during northeastern monsoon (November to May); dry season is cooler (May to November)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/mx.html" class="CountryLink">Mexico</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
varies from tropical to desert
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/fm.html" class="CountryLink">Micronesia, Federated States of</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; heavy year-round rainfall, especially in the eastern islands; located on southern edge of the typhoon belt with occasionally severe damage
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/mq.html" class="CountryLink">Midway Islands</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
subtropical; moderated by prevailing easterly winds
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/md.html" class="CountryLink">Moldova</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
moderate winters, warm summers
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/mn.html" class="CountryLink">Monaco</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/mg.html" class="CountryLink">Mongolia</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
desert; continental (large daily and seasonal temperature ranges)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/mj.html" class="CountryLink">Montenegro</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
Mediterranean climate, hot dry summers and autumns and relatively cold winters with heavy snowfalls inland
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/mh.html" class="CountryLink">Montserrat</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; little daily or seasonal temperature variation
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/mo.html" class="CountryLink">Morocco</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
Mediterranean, becoming more extreme in the interior
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/mz.html" class="CountryLink">Mozambique</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical to subtropical
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/wa.html" class="CountryLink">Namibia</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
desert; hot, dry; rainfall sparse and erratic
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/nr.html" class="CountryLink">Nauru</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical with a monsoonal pattern; rainy season (November to February)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/bq.html" class="CountryLink">Navassa Island</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
marine, tropical
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/np.html" class="CountryLink">Nepal</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
varies from cool summers and severe winters in north to subtropical summers and mild winters in south
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/nl.html" class="CountryLink">Netherlands</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate; marine; cool summers and mild winters
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/nt.html" class="CountryLink">Netherlands Antilles</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; ameliorated by northeast trade winds
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/nc.html" class="CountryLink">New Caledonia</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; modified by southeast trade winds; hot, humid
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/nz.html" class="CountryLink">New Zealand</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate with sharp regional contrasts
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/nu.html" class="CountryLink">Nicaragua</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical in lowlands, cooler in highlands
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ng.html" class="CountryLink">Niger</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
desert; mostly hot, dry, dusty; tropical in extreme south
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ni.html" class="CountryLink">Nigeria</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
varies; equatorial in south, tropical in center, arid in north
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ne.html" class="CountryLink">Niue</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; modified by southeast trade winds
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/nf.html" class="CountryLink">Norfolk Island</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
subtropical; mild, little seasonal temperature variation
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/cq.html" class="CountryLink">Northern Mariana Islands</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical marine; moderated by northeast trade winds, little seasonal temperature variation; dry season December to June, rainy season July to October
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/no.html" class="CountryLink">Norway</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate along coast, modified by North Atlantic Current; colder interior with increased precipitation and colder summers; rainy year-round on west coast
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/mu.html" class="CountryLink">Oman</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
dry desert; hot, humid along coast; hot, dry interior; strong southwest summer monsoon (May to September) in far south
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/zn.html" class="CountryLink">Pacific Ocean</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
planetary air pressure systems and resultant wind patterns exhibit remarkable uniformity in the south and east; trade winds and westerly winds are well-developed patterns, modified by seasonal fluctuations; tropical cyclones (hurricanes) may form south of Mexico from June to October and affect Mexico and Central America; continental influences cause climatic uniformity to be much less pronounced in the eastern and western regions at the same latitude in the North Pacific Ocean; the western Pacific is monsoonal - a rainy season occurs during the summer months, when moisture-laden winds blow from the ocean over the land, and a dry season during the winter months, when dry winds blow from the Asian landmass back to the ocean; tropical cyclones (typhoons) may strike southeast and east Asia from May to December
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/pk.html" class="CountryLink">Pakistan</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
mostly hot, dry desert; temperate in northwest; arctic in north
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ps.html" class="CountryLink">Palau</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; hot and humid; wet season May to November
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/lq.html" class="CountryLink">Palmyra Atoll</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
equatorial, hot, and very rainy
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/pm.html" class="CountryLink">Panama</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical maritime; hot, humid, cloudy; prolonged rainy season (May to January), short dry season (January to May)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/pp.html" class="CountryLink">Papua New Guinea</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; northwest monsoon (December to March), southeast monsoon (May to October); slight seasonal temperature variation
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/pf.html" class="CountryLink">Paracel Islands</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/pa.html" class="CountryLink">Paraguay</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
subtropical to temperate; substantial rainfall in the eastern portions, becoming semiarid in the far west
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/pe.html" class="CountryLink">Peru</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
varies from tropical in east to dry desert in west; temperate to frigid in Andes
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/rp.html" class="CountryLink">Philippines</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical marine; northeast monsoon (November to April); southwest monsoon (May to October)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/pc.html" class="CountryLink">Pitcairn Islands</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; hot and humid; modified by southeast trade winds; rainy season (November to March)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/pl.html" class="CountryLink">Poland</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate with cold, cloudy, moderately severe winters with frequent precipitation; mild summers with frequent showers and thundershowers
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/po.html" class="CountryLink">Portugal</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
maritime temperate; cool and rainy in north, warmer and drier in south
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/rq.html" class="CountryLink">Puerto Rico</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical marine, mild; little seasonal temperature variation
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/qa.html" class="CountryLink">Qatar</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
arid; mild, pleasant winters; very hot, humid summers
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ro.html" class="CountryLink">Romania</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate; cold, cloudy winters with frequent snow and fog; sunny summers with frequent showers and thunderstorms
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/rs.html" class="CountryLink">Russia</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
ranges from steppes in the south through humid continental in much of European Russia; subarctic in Siberia to tundra climate in the polar north; winters vary from cool along Black Sea coast to frigid in Siberia; summers vary from warm in the steppes to cool along Arctic coast
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/rw.html" class="CountryLink">Rwanda</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate; two rainy seasons (February to April, November to January); mild in mountains with frost and snow possible
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/tb.html" class="CountryLink">Saint Barthelemy</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical, with practically no variation in temperature; has two seasons (dry and humid)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/sh.html" class="CountryLink">Saint Helena</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
<i>Saint Helena:</i> tropical marine; mild, tempered by trade winds
<br>
<i>Ascension Island:</i> tropical marine; mild, semi-arid
<br>
<i>Tristan da Cunha:</i> temperate marine; mild, tempered by trade winds (tends to be cooler than Saint Helena)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/sc.html" class="CountryLink">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical, tempered by constant sea breezes; little seasonal temperature variation; rainy season (May to November)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/st.html" class="CountryLink">Saint Lucia</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical, moderated by northeast trade winds; dry season January to April, rainy season May to August
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/rn.html" class="CountryLink">Saint Martin</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperature averages 80-85 degrees all year long; low humidity, gentle trade winds, brief, intense rain showers; July-Novemeber is the hurricane season
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/sb.html" class="CountryLink">Saint Pierre and Miquelon</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
cold and wet, with much mist and fog; spring and autumn are windy
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/vc.html" class="CountryLink">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; little seasonal temperature variation; rainy season (May to November)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ws.html" class="CountryLink">Samoa</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; rainy season (November to April), dry season (May to October)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/sm.html" class="CountryLink">San Marino</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/tp.html" class="CountryLink">Sao Tome and Principe</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; hot, humid; one rainy season (October to May)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/sa.html" class="CountryLink">Saudi Arabia</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
harsh, dry desert with great temperature extremes
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/sg.html" class="CountryLink">Senegal</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; hot, humid; rainy season (May to November) has strong southeast winds; dry season (December to April) dominated by hot, dry, harmattan wind
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/rb.html" class="CountryLink">Serbia</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
in the north, continental climate (cold winters and hot, humid summers with well distributed rainfall); in other parts, continental and Mediterranean climate (relatively cold winters with heavy snowfall and hot, dry summers and autumns)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/se.html" class="CountryLink">Seychelles</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical marine; humid; cooler season during southeast monsoon (late May to September); warmer season during northwest monsoon (March to May)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/sl.html" class="CountryLink">Sierra Leone</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; hot, humid; summer rainy season (May to December); winter dry season (December to April)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/sn.html" class="CountryLink">Singapore</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; hot, humid, rainy; two distinct monsoon seasons - Northeastern monsoon (December to March) and Southwestern monsoon (June to September); inter-monsoon - frequent afternoon and early evening thunderstorms
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/lo.html" class="CountryLink">Slovakia</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate; cool summers; cold, cloudy, humid winters
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/si.html" class="CountryLink">Slovenia</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
Mediterranean climate on the coast, continental climate with mild to hot summers and cold winters in the plateaus and valleys to the east
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/bp.html" class="CountryLink">Solomon Islands</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical monsoon; few extremes of temperature and weather
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/so.html" class="CountryLink">Somalia</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
principally desert; northeast monsoon (December to February), moderate temperatures in north and hot in south; southwest monsoon (May to October), torrid in the north and hot in the south, irregular rainfall, hot and humid periods (tangambili) between monsoons
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/sf.html" class="CountryLink">South Africa</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
mostly semiarid; subtropical along east coast; sunny days, cool nights
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/sx.html" class="CountryLink">South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
variable, with mostly westerly winds throughout the year interspersed with periods of calm; nearly all precipitation falls as snow
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/oo.html" class="CountryLink">Southern Ocean</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
sea temperatures vary from about 10 degrees Celsius to -2 degrees Celsius; cyclonic storms travel eastward around the continent and frequently are intense because of the temperature contrast between ice and open ocean; the ocean area from about latitude 40 south to the Antarctic Circle has the strongest average winds found anywhere on Earth; in winter the ocean freezes outward to 65 degrees south latitude in the Pacific sector and 55 degrees south latitude in the Atlantic sector, lowering surface temperatures well below 0 degrees Celsius; at some coastal points intense persistent drainage winds from the interior keep the shoreline ice-free throughout the winter
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/sp.html" class="CountryLink">Spain</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate; clear, hot summers in interior, more moderate and cloudy along coast; cloudy, cold winters in interior, partly cloudy and cool along coast
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/pg.html" class="CountryLink">Spratly Islands</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ce.html" class="CountryLink">Sri Lanka</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical monsoon; northeast monsoon (December to March); southwest monsoon (June to October)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/su.html" class="CountryLink">Sudan</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical in south; arid desert in north; rainy season varies by region (April to November)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ns.html" class="CountryLink">Suriname</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; moderated by trade winds
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/sv.html" class="CountryLink">Svalbard</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
arctic, tempered by warm North Atlantic Current; cool summers, cold winters; North Atlantic Current flows along west and north coasts of Spitsbergen, keeping water open and navigable most of the year
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/wz.html" class="CountryLink">Swaziland</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
varies from tropical to near temperate
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/sw.html" class="CountryLink">Sweden</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate in south with cold, cloudy winters and cool, partly cloudy summers; subarctic in north
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/sz.html" class="CountryLink">Switzerland</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate, but varies with altitude; cold, cloudy, rainy/snowy winters; cool to warm, cloudy, humid summers with occasional showers
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/sy.html" class="CountryLink">Syria</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
mostly desert; hot, dry, sunny summers (June to August) and mild, rainy winters (December to February) along coast; cold weather with snow or sleet periodically in Damascus
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/tw.html" class="CountryLink">Taiwan</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; marine; rainy season during southwest monsoon (June to August); cloudiness is persistent and extensive all year
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ti.html" class="CountryLink">Tajikistan</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
midlatitude continental, hot summers, mild winters; semiarid to polar in Pamir Mountains
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/tz.html" class="CountryLink">Tanzania</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
varies from tropical along coast to temperate in highlands
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/th.html" class="CountryLink">Thailand</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; rainy, warm, cloudy southwest monsoon (mid-May to September); dry, cool northeast monsoon (November to mid-March); southern isthmus always hot and humid
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/tt.html" class="CountryLink">Timor-Leste</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; hot, humid; distinct rainy and dry seasons
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/to.html" class="CountryLink">Togo</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; hot, humid in south; semiarid in north
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/tl.html" class="CountryLink">Tokelau</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; moderated by trade winds (April to November)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/tn.html" class="CountryLink">Tonga</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; modified by trade winds; warm season (December to May), cool season (May to December)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/td.html" class="CountryLink">Trinidad and Tobago</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; rainy season (June to December)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ts.html" class="CountryLink">Tunisia</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate in north with mild, rainy winters and hot, dry summers; desert in south
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/tu.html" class="CountryLink">Turkey</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate; hot, dry summers with mild, wet winters; harsher in interior
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/tx.html" class="CountryLink">Turkmenistan</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
subtropical desert
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/tk.html" class="CountryLink">Turks and Caicos Islands</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; marine; moderated by trade winds; sunny and relatively dry
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/tv.html" class="CountryLink">Tuvalu</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; moderated by easterly trade winds (March to November); westerly gales and heavy rain (November to March)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ug.html" class="CountryLink">Uganda</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; generally rainy with two dry seasons (December to February, June to August); semiarid in northeast
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/up.html" class="CountryLink">Ukraine</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate continental; Mediterranean only on the southern Crimean coast; precipitation disproportionately distributed, highest in west and north, lesser in east and southeast; winters vary from cool along the Black Sea to cold farther inland; summers are warm across the greater part of the country, hot in the south
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ae.html" class="CountryLink">United Arab Emirates</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
desert; cooler in eastern mountains
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/uk.html" class="CountryLink">United Kingdom</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate; moderated by prevailing southwest winds over the North Atlantic Current; more than one-half of the days are overcast
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/us.html" class="CountryLink">United States</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
mostly temperate, but tropical in Hawaii and Florida, arctic in Alaska, semiarid in the great plains west of the Mississippi River, and arid in the Great Basin of the southwest; low winter temperatures in the northwest are ameliorated occasionally in January and February by warm chinook winds from the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/um.html" class="CountryLink">United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
<i>Baker, Howland, and Jarvis Islands:</i> equatorial; scant rainfall, constant wind, burning sun
<br>
<i>Johnston Atoll and Kingman Reef:</i> tropical, but generally dry; consistent northeast trade winds with little seasonal temperature variation
<br>
<i>Midway Islands:</i> subtropical with cool, moist winters (December to February) and warm, dry summers (May to October); moderated by prevailing easterly winds; most of the 1,067 mm (42 in) of annual rainfall occurs during the winter
<br>
<i>Palmyra Atoll:</i> equatorial, hot; located within the low pressure area of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) where the northeast and southeast trade winds meet, it is extremely wet with between 4,000-5,000 mm (160-200 in) of rainfall each year
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/uy.html" class="CountryLink">Uruguay</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
warm temperate; freezing temperatures almost unknown
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/uz.html" class="CountryLink">Uzbekistan</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
mostly midlatitude desert, long, hot summers, mild winters; semiarid grassland in east
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/nh.html" class="CountryLink">Vanuatu</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; moderated by southeast trade winds from May to October; moderate rainfall from November to April; may be affected by cyclones from December to April
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ve.html" class="CountryLink">Venezuela</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/vm.html" class="CountryLink">Vietnam</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical in south; monsoonal in north with hot, rainy season (May to September) and warm, dry season (October to March)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/vq.html" class="CountryLink">Virgin Islands</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
subtropical, tempered by easterly trade winds, relatively low humidity, little seasonal temperature variation; rainy season September to November
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/wq.html" class="CountryLink">Wake Island</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/wf.html" class="CountryLink">Wallis and Futuna</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; hot, rainy season (November to April); cool, dry season (May to October); rains 2,500-3,000 mm per year (80% humidity); average temperature 26.6 degrees C
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/we.html" class="CountryLink">West Bank</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
temperate; temperature and precipitation vary with altitude, warm to hot summers, cool to mild winters
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/wi.html" class="CountryLink">Western Sahara</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
hot, dry desert; rain is rare; cold offshore air currents produce fog and heavy dew
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/xx.html" class="CountryLink">World</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
a wide equatorial band of hot and humid tropical climates - bordered north and south by subtropical temperate zones - that separate two large areas of cold and dry polar climates
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/ym.html" class="CountryLink">Yemen</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
mostly desert; hot and humid along west coast; temperate in western mountains affected by seasonal monsoon; extraordinarily hot, dry, harsh desert in east
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/za.html" class="CountryLink">Zambia</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; modified by altitude; rainy season (October to April)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<td valign=top>
<a href="../geos/zi.html" class="CountryLink">Zimbabwe</a>
</td>
<td class="Normal">
tropical; moderated by altitude; rainy season (November to March)
</table>
<p class="LastUpdate"> This page was last updated on 13 December, 2007</p><br>
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